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PGDCA IMPORTANT QUESTIONS PART-5

HTML, VBScript, JavaScript, XML, CSS

HTML में फ्रेम्स, टेबल्स, और फॉर्म्स

फ्रेम्स (Frames):

HTML में फ्रेम्स का उपयोग एक ही वेब पेज पर कई दस्तावेज़ों को अलग-अलग विंडो (या फ्रेम) में दिखाने के लिए किया जाता है। <frameset> टैग का उपयोग वेब पेज को फ्रेम में विभाजित करने के लिए किया जाता है।


    <frameset cols="50%,50%">
      <frame src="page1.html">
      <frame src="page2.html">
    </frameset>
  

टेबल्स (Tables):

टेबल HTML का एक महत्वपूर्ण हिस्सा है, जिसका उपयोग डेटा को पंक्तियों और कॉलमों में व्यवस्थित रूप से प्रस्तुत करने के लिए किया जाता है।


    <table border="1">
      <tr>
        <th>नाम</th>
        <th>आयु</th>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>राम</td>
        <td>25</td>
      </tr>
      <tr>
        <td>सीता</td>
        <td>22</td>
      </tr>
    </table>
  

फॉर्म्स (Forms):

फॉर्म का उपयोग उपयोगकर्ताओं से इनपुट प्राप्त करने के लिए किया जाता है।


    <form action="/submit_form" method="POST">
      <label for="name">नाम:</label>
      <input type="text" id="name" name="name">
      <button type="submit">सबमिट करें</button>
    </form>
  

HTML के महत्वपूर्ण टैग्स

<html>:

HTML दस्तावेज़ की शुरुआत और अंत को दर्शाता है।


    <html>
      <head>...</head>
      <body>...</body>
    </html>
  

<head>:

डॉक्युमेंट का मेटाडेटा (जैसे टाइटल, लिंक, स्क्रिप्ट आदि) रखा जाता है।


    <head>
      <title>मेरी वेबसाइट</title>
    </head>
  

<body>:

वेब पेज का मुख्य कंटेंट होता है।


    <body>
      <h1>स्वागत है!</h1>
    </body>
  

<a> (एंकर टैग):

लिंक बनाने के लिए।


    <a href="https://www.example.com">यहाँ क्लिक करें</a>
  

<img> (इमेज टैग):

इमेज को वेब पेज में जोड़ने के लिए।


    <img src="image.jpg" alt="Description">
  

<ul>, <ol>, <li>:

अनऑर्डर्ड (bulleted) और ऑर्डर्ड (numbered) लिस्ट बनाने के लिए।


    <ul>
      <li>आइटम 1</li>
      <li>आइटम 2</li>
    </ul>
  

VBScript में कन्स्ट्रक्ट्स और कंट्रोल स्टेटमेंट्स

कन्स्ट्रक्ट्स (Constructs):


    Dim message
    message = "नमस्ते"
    MsgBox message
  

कंट्रोल स्टेटमेंट्स (Control Statements):

If-Else:


    If condition Then
      ' Code to execute
    Else
      ' Code to execute if condition is false
    End If
  

For Loop:


    For i = 1 To 5
      MsgBox i
    Next
  

JavaScript में डेटा टाइप्स, फंक्शन्स, और इवेंट हैंडलिंग

डेटा टाइप्स (Data Types):


    var name = "राम"; // String
    var age = 25; // Number
    var isActive = true; // Boolean
  

फंक्शन्स (Functions):


    function greet() {
      alert("नमस्ते");
    }
    greet();
  

इवेंट हैंडलिंग (Event Handling):


    <button onclick="alert('बटन दबाया गया')">Click Me</button>
  

XML, DTD (Document Type Definition), और DOM (Document Object Model)

XML (eXtensible Markup Language):


    <person>
      <name>राम</name>
      <age>25</age>
    </person>
  

DTD (Document Type Definition):


    <!DOCTYPE note [
      <!ELEMENT note (to, from, heading, body)>
      <!ELEMENT to (#PCDATA)>
      <!ELEMENT from (#PCDATA)>
      <!ELEMENT heading (#PCDATA)>
      <!ELEMENT body (#PCDATA)>
    ]>
  

DOM (Document Object Model):


    var element = document.getElementById("myElement");
    element.innerHTML = "नया टेक्स्ट";
  

CSS क्या है? इसके प्रकार और उदाहरण

CSS (Cascading Style Sheets):

CSS एक स्टाइल शीट भाषा है जिसका उपयोग HTML तत्वों को स्टाइल करने के लिए किया जाता है।

CSS के प्रकार:

इनलाइन CSS (Inline CSS):


    <h1 style="color:blue;">स्वागत है!</h1>
  

इंटरनल CSS (Internal CSS):


    <style>
      body { background-color: lightblue; }
      h1 { color: green; }
    </style>
  

एक्सटर्नल CSS (External CSS):


    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="style.css">
  

CSS उदाहरण:


    body {
      background-color: #f4f4f4;
    }

    h1 {
      color: #333;
      font-family: Arial, sans-serif;
    }
  

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